In tumor cells, interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling can lead to activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which prolongs Stat3 activation. In the present experiments, we tested the hypothesis that IL-6 signaling activates EGFR signaling in peripheral and spinal nociception and examined whether…
The inhibitory neuropeptide Galanin (Gal) has been shown to mediate anticonvulsion and neuroprotection. Here we investigated whether Gal affects cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). CSD is considered the pathophysiological neuronal mechanism of migraine aura, and a neuronal mechanism aggravating…
Cortical homeostasis is essential for the normal functioning of the brain and to keep the tone of excitability. A tight regulation of ion concentrations, pH, extracellular fluid concentration, perfusion and vascular permeability, turnover of neurotransmitters/mediators and availability of energy supply…