Simple Summary This study explores the effects of short-term hypoxia on BV-2 microglial cells in vitro, focusing on inflammation, metabolism, and cellular functions. Our results show that hypoxia promotes a pronounced tolerant phenotype in BV-2 cells, characterized by reduced pro-inflammatory markers…
Die Plastizität des Gehirns ist das Phänomen struktureller und funktioneller Veränderungen im Gehirn als Reaktion auf verschiedene Reize, die mit makro- und mikrostrukturellen Veränderungen einhergehen. An der Gehirnplastizität sind sowohl Neuronen als auch Gliazellen beteiligt. Unter den Gliazellen…
Microglia, the CNS’s resident macrophages, are involved in brain homeostasis, synapse formation, plasticity, and cognition. Their response to neuronal activity changes remains unclear, though sensory deprivation in young mice alters microglial morphology and increases neuronal phagocytosis. However,…
Background Limited availability and side effects of opioids have led to an increased use of non-opioid analgesia in animal disease models. However, by affecting the immune-inflammatory reactions, analgesia may disrupt the resolution of the host inflammation and modulate the survival in septic animals.…
Renale Erkrankungen und biologisches Altern führen häufig zu histologischen Strukturveränderungen, die mit künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) detektiert werden können. Eine effektive Implementierung von KI-Systemen in der medizinischen Bildanalyse setzt den Zugang zu großen Mengen hochwertiger Trainingsdaten…
Preconditioning with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces neuroprotection against subsequent cerebral ischemic injury, mainly involving innate immune pathways. Microglia are resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that respond early to danger signals through memory-like differential reprogramming.…
Electrochemical disinfection in dentistry using boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes bears the potential risk of disturbing vital functions. Applying different arrays of BDD electrodes and an electrotome as reference, it was the goal of this animal study to compare their effects on an electrocorticogram…
In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll untersucht werden, ob sich diese im T2DM beobachteten MORG1-Effekte auch auf den T1DM übertragen lassen und ob MORG1 eine Rolle in der Regulation des Lipidmetabolismus der Niere spielt. Des Weiteren soll überprüft werden, ob sich renoprotektive Eigenschaften des MORG1-Knockouts…
Simple Summary According to CDC, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was diagnosed in one of every 36 children in the United States in 2020. Over 2000 genes have been identified as altered in ASD, yet a coherent model of ASD etiology is lacking. Here, we present a novel hypothesis of ASD origins based on…
For almost nearly a century, memory functions have been attributed only to acquired immune cells. Lately, this paradigm has been challenged by an increasing number of studies revealing that innate immune cells are capable of exhibiting memory-like features resulting in increased responsiveness to subsequent…
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of LPS-induced PreC on ischemic brain injury and characterize the mainly involved signaling pathways of microglia. Furthermore, we hypothesized that PI3Kγ regulates different microglial immune functions, critical for conveying the LPS-induced PreC effects…
As people age, it’s common to experience declines in cognitive functions such as spatial learning and memory. These declines are thought to be linked to changes in the brain, death of neurons, and decreased production rate of new neurons, in a process called adult neurogenesis. Adult neurogenesis occurs…
Astrocytes are increasingly being recognized as contributors to physiological brain function and behavior. Astrocytes engage in glia‐synaptic interactions through peripheral astrocyte processes, thus modulating synaptic signaling, for example, by handling glutamate removal from the synaptic cleft and…
Inactivating mutations in the thyroid hormone (TH) transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) result in Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome, a severe form of psychomotor retardation, while inactivating mutations in another TH transporter, organic anion transporting polypeptide 1c1 (OATP1C1), are linked…
Zielsetzung: Pathognomonisch für das hämolytisch-urämische Syndrom (HUS) ist das Auftreten einer mikroangiopathischen hämolytischen Anämie und eines akuten Nierenversagens. Das HUS kann als systemische Komplikation bei einer Infektion mit Shiga-Toxin (Stx) produzierenden Escherichia coli (STEC) entstehen.…
Regelmäßiges physisches Training hat eine Vielzahl positiver Effekte auf die Gesundheit und ist unter anderem mit einer Reduktion der Inzidenz, der Symptomatik und der Mortalität verschiedener Erkrankungen assoziiert. Ebenso konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass physische Aktivität Einfluss auf den Entzündungsstatus…
Das Verständnis der komplexen Mechanismen der menschlichen Transkriptionsregulation bleibt trotz vollständiger Sequenzierung des Genoms eine große Herausforderung. Zur Erforschung wichtiger nicht kodierender DNA-Elemente stehen heute mehrere molekulargenetische Werkzeuge zur Verfügung. Unter Verwendung…
(1) Background: Rapid microglial proliferation contributes to the complex responses of the innate immune system in the brain to various neuroinflammatory stimuli. Here, we investigated the regulatory function of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for rapid proliferation…
We expand from a spontaneous to an evoked potentials (EP) data set of brain electrical activities as electrocorticogram (ECoG) and electrothalamogram (EThG) in juvenile pig under various sedation, ischemia and recovery states. This EP data set includes three stimulation paradigms: auditory (AEP, 40 and…
Microglia, the innate immune cells of the CNS, exhibit long-term response changes indicative of innate immune memory (IIM). Our previous studies revealed IIM patterns of microglia with opposing immune phenotypes: trained immunity after a low dose and immune tolerance after a high dose challenge with…