37 Dokumente gefunden
Investigating the neural effects of typicality and predictability for face and object stimuli
The brain calibrates itself based on the past stimulus diet, which makes frequently observed stimuli appear as typical (as opposed to uncommon stimuli, which appear as distinctive). Based on predictive processing theory, the brain should be more "prepared" for typical exemplars, because these contain…
Lawrence, Kanada / San Francisco, Calif.: Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2024-05-22
The effect of context congruency on fMRI repetition suppression for objects
The recognition of objects is strongly facilitated when they are presented in the context of other objects (Biederman, 1972). Such contexts facilitate perception and induce expectations of context-congruent objects (Trapp and Bar, 2015). The neural mechanisms underlying these facilitatory effects of…
Oxford: Elsevier BV, 2023-09-09
The neural dynamics of familiarity‐dependent face identity representation
aus: Psychophysiology
Abstract Recognizing a face as belonging to a given identity is essential in our everyday life. Clearly, the correct identification of a face is only possible for familiar people, but ‘familiarity’ covers a wide range—from people we see every day to those we barely know. Although several studies have…
Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2023-08-07
Person identity‐specific adaptation effects in the ventral occipito‐temporal cortex
Identifying the faces of familiar persons requires the ability to assign several different images of a face to a common identity. Previous research showed that the occipito‐temporal cortex, including the fusiform and the occipital face areas, is sensitive to personal identity. Still, the viewpoint, facial…
Oxford: Wiley, 2022-03-08
Prior experience modulates top-down predictive processing in the ventral visual areas
Repetition suppression(RS)refers to that the reduction of neural activities for repeated presentations of a given stimulus compared to its first presentation. Summerfield et al(2008) found the magnitude of RS is affected by the repetition probability of stimuli, called as P(rep) effect. Based on the…
Die ästhetische Wahrnehmung von Linienmustern : Abhängigkeit von Kurvilinearität und Kantenorientierungen
Die Experimentelle Ästhetik befasst sich mit der Frage, welche Präferenzen Menschen bei der Bewertung visueller Reize haben. Das Ziel der Untersuchungen ist es herauszufinden, wie die physikalische Struktur von visuellen Reizen die ästhetische Wahrnehmung bedingt. Dadurch sollen auch Hinweise darauf…
Disentangling predictive processing in the brain: a meta-analytic study in favour of a predictive network
aus: Scientific reports
Abstract According to the predictive coding (PC) theory, the brain is constantly engaged in predicting its upcoming states and refining these predictions through error signals. Despite extensive research investigating the neural bases of this theory, to date no previous study has systematically attempted…
London: Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature, 2021-08-10
The role of occipital temporal cortex in the formation of face familiarity and identity
The recognition of faces holds a special role in human cognition, which reflects in multiple involved regions in the occipito-temporal cortex (OTC). One region is the Occipital Face Area (OFA), previously described as a low-level, structural encoding area. This work investigates whether the OFA plays…
Prediction-related neural response alterations in the ventral visual stream
Theories of predictive coding (PC; Rao & Ballard, 1999) have dominated neurocognitive research in explaining thought and perception processes in various domains. The basic principle is that perception relies not only on bottom-up processing of sensory input but also on top-down predictions. The current…
Experience has a limited effect on humans’ ability to predict the outcome of social interactions in children, dogs and macaques
aus: Scientific reports
The ability to predict others’ behaviour represents a crucial mechanism which allows individuals to react faster and more appropriately. To date, several studies have investigated humans’ ability to predict conspecifics’ behaviour, but little is known on our ability to predict behaviour in other species.…
London: Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature, 2020-12-04
The occipital face area is causally involved in identity-related visual-semantic associations
Faces are processed in a network of areas within regions of the ventral visual stream. However, familiar faces typically are characterized by additional associated information, such as episodic memories or semantic biographical information as well. The acquisition of such non-sensory, identity-specific…
Berlin: Springer, 2020-04-27
14. Vorlesung (29.01.2020): Die chemischen Sinne
Vorlesungsinhalt: Geruch-Olfaktion (Adäquate Reize, Anatomische Bestandteile, Signaltransduktion, Zentrale Projektionen); Geschmack (Adäquate Reize, Anatomische Strukturen, Zentrale Projektionen, Trigeminales chemosensorisches System, Anosmie, Störungen des Geruchs- und Geschmackssinns)
13. Vorlesung (22.01.2020): Das somatosensorische System
Vorlesungsinhalt: Temperatursinn; Schmerzwahrnehmung-Nozizeption
11. Vorlesung (08.01.2020): Das auditive System und Gleichgewicht
Vorlesungsinhalt: Schall (Definition, Eigenschaften, Dezibel, Phon); Das Ohr (Innenohr, Corti-Organ, Transduktion, Frequenzkodierung); Hörbahnen (Auf- und Absteigende Hörbahnen, Thalamus, Kortex, Tonatopie, Raumwahrnehmung); Gleichgewicht (Anatomie, Sinnesrezeptoren)
Is the right anterior superior temporal sulcus involved in speaker-identity recognition? : a study using transcranial direct…
Neuroimaging studies have revealed regions in the human brain that respond preferentially to human voices. These regions are mostly located along the superior temporal gyrus and sulcus (STG/S). It has been hypothesized that the right anterior STG/S is crucial for voice-identity recognition because the…
10. Vorlesung (18.12.2019): Das visuelle System 2
Vorlesungsinhalt: Subkortikal (Sehkreuzung, Sehfelder, CGL); VI; Ventral; Dorsal
9. Vorlesung (11.12.2019):
Vorlesungsinhalt: Auge -> Aufbau, Akkomodation, Augenbewegungen; Retina -> Rezeptoren, Dunkeladaptation, Bipolar zellen, Ganglionzellen, Phototransduktion
5. Vorlesung (13.11.2019): Nervenzellen
Vorlesungsinhalt: Membran; Ruhepotential; Ionkanäle; EPSP-IPSP; Axonhügel; Klassifikation von Nervensystemen; Spontanaktivität
3. Vorlesung (30.10.2019): Neuroanatomie 1
Vorlesungsinhalt: Anatomische Richtungsbezeichnungen; Das Periphere Nervensystem; zwölf Paare der Hirnnerven; Schutz und Versorgung des Nervensystems; Hirnhäuten-Meningen; Blut-Hirn-Schranke; Das Rückenmark; Metencephalon; Mesencephalon; Hauptstrukturen des Gehirns; Diencephalon; Hypothalamus