nam 22 uu 4500 dbt_mods_00068598 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1661122 doi dbt_mods_00068598 ger DE-601 rda eng 570 sdnb bibliography OAI Moawad, Amira A. Author aut Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses ,Jena ,Germany Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC) ,Giza ,Egypt Genomic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitis in small ruminants in Sardinia, Italy Moawad, Amira A.;Dore, Simone;Lollai, Stefano;El-Adawy, Hosny;Brangsch, Hanka;Monecke, Stefan;Ehricht, Ralf;Braun, Sascha D.;Neubauer, Heinrich;Tomaso, Herbert 2025-12-02 11 Seiten text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Zweitveröffentlichung Background Staphylococcal mastitis is a common disease of small ruminants causing major economic losses. The problem is particularly significant in the rural areas of the Mediterranean region, where almost two thirds of the global sheep and a quarter of the global goat milk are produced. This study aimed to gain insight into the genotypes, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical mastitis in small ruminants’ farms from different 25 dairy herds in six different provinces in Sardinia, Italy between December 2021 and May 2022. Methods Thirty- two S. aureus were phenotypically identified and confirmed by real-time PCR. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted and the sequence data were analyzed to reveal the genetic diversity, AMR markers and virulence genes to draw a conclusion for a current situation of small ruminants’ clinical mastitis in dairy herds in the region and the potential public health risk. Furthermore, the phylogenetic relations between S. aureus strains within one farm and from various farms was analyzed. Results All isolates proved to be phenotypically Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and none of them harbored mec A/C genes. The antimicrobial resistance against Tetracycline and Erythromycin were 15.62% and 3.12%, respectively. The isolates were assigned to ten sequence types in addition to five different clonal complexes using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Sequence types ST133 (46.9%) and ST700 (21.9%) were the dominant types, and the majority of isolates were assigned to either CC133 (56.25%) or CC130 (34.4%). Twelve different spa -types were identified among isolates, while six isolates were not assigned to known spa -types. The dominant spa -type was t1773 (18.75%) which is known to be associated with CC130. All Tetracycline-resistant isolates harbored tet genes. The only Erythromycin-resistant isolate carried the erm (T) gene. The leucocidin genes luk F-PV (P83)/ lukM were detected in 20 isolates (62.5%), while one isolate (ST522) carried a chimeric leukocidin. Conclusion In conclusion, this study showed a considerable genetic diversity of S. aureus isolated from sheep and goat mastitis in Sardinia, Italy, and the prominent sensitivity to most of antimicrobial agents relevant for mastitis treatment. These findings inform about the local mastitis control strategies and highlight a low immediate public health risk from antimicrobial resistance in this setting. dairy sheep and goats Staphylococcus aureus clinical mastitis Sardinia WGS MSSA article Dore, Simone Author aut National Reference Center for Sheep and Goat Mastitis, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sardinia ,Sassari ,Italy Lollai, Stefano Author aut National Reference Center for Sheep and Goat Mastitis, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sardinia ,Sassari ,Italy El-Adawy, Hosny Author aut Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses ,Jena ,Germany Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University ,Kafr El-Sheikh ,Egypt Brangsch, Hanka Author aut Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses ,Jena ,Germany Monecke, Stefan Author aut Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies” and the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI) ,Jena ,Germany InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center for Applied Research ,Jena ,Germany (DE-588)1146226861 Ehricht, Ralf Author aut Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies” and the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI) ,Jena ,Germany InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center for Applied Research ,Jena ,Germany Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena ,Jena ,Germany (DE-588)120759454 Braun, Sascha D. Author aut Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies” and the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI) ,Jena ,Germany InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center for Applied Research ,Jena ,Germany (DE-588)1020853700 Neubauer, Heinrich Author aut Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses ,Jena ,Germany Tomaso, Herbert Author aut Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses ,Jena ,Germany Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Chemisch-Geowissenschaftliche Fakultät host institution his 16:1661122 Front. Microbiol. 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