000K utf8 0100 1917599129 1100 $c2023 1500 eng 2050 urn:nbn:de:gbv:27-dbt-64692-3 2051 10.22032/dbt.64692 3000 Dyer, Alexander 4000 Towards a mechanistic understanding of animal movement$dsome influences of light and temperature [Dyer, Alexander] 4060 188 Seiten 4209 Biodiversity patterns emerge from ecological processes that operate across multiple spatial and temporal scales, with animal movement linking local interactions to larger-scale dynamics. This thesis investigates fundamental constraints on sustained (aerobic) movement capacities, including the effects of artificial light at night (ALAN) and ambient temperature. Using an Ecotron experiment in which the movements of terrestrial insects were tracked via radio frequency identification (RFID), it is shown that even low-intensity skyglow causes spatial and temporal shifts in movement activity, indirectly altering predation patterns. A dataset of sustained travel speeds across 532 species is compiled in order to test allometric locomotion models that are derived by considering fundamental biophysical constraints on metabolic energy supply, utilisation, and the dissipation of metabolic heat: The allometric heat dissipation model reveals a universal, hump-shaped relationship between body mass and travel speed across flying, running, and swimming animals, demonstrating that larger species must reduce their travel speeds to avoid hyperthermia. This framework is extended by developing a theoretical model to predict the influence of ambient temperature on the heat balance of homoeothermic endotherms during sustained locomotion: The thermal travel speed model provides mechanistic insights into how body mass and ambient temperature jointly constrain animal movement capacity and the scope for aerobic activity. This thesis contributes towards a fundamental understanding of the constraints that shape animal movement across ecological scales through a combination of empirical and theoretical approaches. By integrating movement ecology with biophysical principles, it provides mechanistic insights into how physiological and environmental constraints interact to shape animal movement behaviours, with broad implications for the study of spatial biodiversity dynamics in a changing world. 4950 https://doi.org/10.22032/dbt.64692$xR$3Volltext$534 4950 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:27-dbt-64692-3$xR$3Volltext$534 4961 http://uri.gbv.de/document/gvk:ppn:1917599129 5051 570 5550 Biodiversität 5550 Biophysik 5550 Klimaänderung 5550 Lichtverschmutzung