The use of nanoparticles as a drug delivery system has attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their wide range of potential applications. Current therapies still have to deal with issues such as an unspecific therapeutic effect, the administration of large doses and the associated high overall burden on the body, which can result in severe side effects or even discontinuation of therapy. Therefore, new and more specific active pharmaceutical ingredients and dosage forms are required to achieve a personalized and targeted therapy. In particular, nanoparticles based on polymers offer a platform with very high versatility. By selecting the monomers and synthesis route, customized polymers can be designed that essentially determine the properties of the resulting particles. On the one hand, the interaction of the polymer with the cargo to be transported can be influenced, on the other hand also the behavior of the particles within their application, e.g. with regard to their degradation behavior or their interaction with cells, proteins or tissues. Within this thesis, different types of polymers were used to formulate nanoparticles while evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the respective material. The polymers were used to encapsulate three different categories of cargos (dyes, active ingredients and genetic material), mainly with the aim to treat inflammatory diseases. Here, the focus was on the optimization of the drug loading of the nanoparticles, using various formulation methods such as emulsion, nanoprecipitation and microfluidics.
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