000K utf8 1100 2020$c2020-10-14 1500 eng 2050 urn:nbn:de:gbv:27-dbt-20230515-223209-009 2051 10.1038/s41598-020-74045-5 3000 Boller, Pascal 3010 Bagnoud, Vincent 3010 Bernstein, Lee 3010 Brabetz, Christian 3010 Despotopulos, John 3010 Glorius, Jan 3010 Hellmund, Johannes 3010 Henry, Eugene A. 3010 Hornung, Johannes 3010 Jeet, Justin 3010 Khuyagbaatar, Jadambaa 3010 Kuehl, Thomas 3010 Lens, Lotte 3010 Litvinov, Yuri A. 3010 Neumayer, Paul 3010 Roeder, Simon 3010 Schneider, Dieter H. G. 3010 Shaughnessy, Dawn 3010 Stoehlker, Thomas 3010 Yakushev, Alexander 3010 Zylstra, Alex 4000 First on-line detection of radioactive fission isotopes produced by laser-accelerated protons [Boller, Pascal] 4060 9 Seiten 4209 The on-going developments in laser acceleration of protons and light ions, as well as the production of strong bursts of neutrons and multi- MeV \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {MeV}$$\end{document} photons by secondary processes now provide a basis for novel high-flux nuclear physics experiments. While the maximum energy of protons resulting from Target Normal Sheath Acceleration is presently still limited to around 100 MeV \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$100 \, \hbox {MeV}$$\end{document} , the generated proton peak flux within the short laser-accelerated bunches can already today exceed the values achievable at the most advanced conventional accelerators by orders of magnitude. This paper consists of two parts covering the scientific motivation and relevance of such experiments and a first proof-of-principle demonstration. In the presented experiment pulses of 200 J \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$200 \, \hbox {J}$$\end{document} at ≈ 500 fs \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\approx \, 500 \, \hbox {fs}$$\end{document} duration from the PHELIX laser produced more than 10 12 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$10^{12}$$\end{document} protons with energies above 15 MeV \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$15 \, \hbox {MeV}$$\end{document} in a bunch of sub-nanosecond duration. They were used to induce fission in foil targets made of natural uranium. To make use of the nonpareil flux, these targets have to be very close to the laser acceleration source, since the particle density within the bunch is strongly affected by Coulomb explosion and the velocity differences between ions of different energy. The main challenge for nuclear detection with high-purity germanium detectors is given by the strong electromagnetic pulse caused by the laser-matter interaction close to the laser acceleration source. This was mitigated by utilizing fast transport of the fission products by a gas flow to a carbon filter, where the γ \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\upgamma$$\end{document} -rays were registered. The identified nuclides include those that have half-lives down to 39 s \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$39 \, \hbox {s}$$\end{document} . These results demonstrate the capability to produce, extract, and detect short-lived reaction products under the demanding experimental condition imposed by the high-power laser interaction. The approach promotes research towards relevant nuclear astrophysical studies at conditions currently only accessible at nuclear high energy density laser facilities. 4950 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74045-5$xR$3Volltext$534 4950 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:27-dbt-20230515-223209-009$xR$3Volltext$534 4961 https://www.db-thueringen.de/receive/dbt_mods_00057339 5051 530 5550 Nuclear astrophysics 5550 Nuclear physics 5550 Plasma-based accelerators