Thallusin Quantification in Marine Bacteria and Algae Cultures

GND
1308829272
Affiliation
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Ulrich, Johann F.;
GND
1311079343
Affiliation
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Gräfe, Melina S.;
GND
1292596309
Affiliation
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
Dhiman, Seema;
GND
1308834780
ORCID
0000-0002-3085-0642
Affiliation
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Wienecke, Paul;
GND
123553113
Affiliation
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Arndt, Hans-Dieter;
GND
132222507
ORCID
0000-0003-0061-4160
Affiliation
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Wichard, Thomas

Thallusin, a highly biologically active, phytohormone-like and bacterial compound-inducing morphogenesis of the green tide-forming macroalga Ulva (Chlorophyta), was determined in bacteria and algae cultures. A sensitive and selective method was developed for quantification based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and a high-resolution mass spectrometer. Upon C 18 solid phase extraction of the water samples, thallusin was derivatized with iodomethane to inhibit the formation of Fe–thallusin complexes interfering with the chromatographic separation. The concentration of thallusin was quantified during the relevant phases of the bacterial growth of Maribacter spp., ranging from 0.16 ± 0.01 amol cell −1 (at the peak of the exponential growth phase) to 0.86 ± 0.13 amol cell −1 (late stationary phase), indicating its accumulation in the growth medium. Finally, we directly determined the concentration of thallusin in algal culture to validate our approach for monitoring applications. Detection and quantification limits of 2.5 and 7.4 pmol L −1 , respectively, were reached, which allow for quantifying ecologically relevant thallusin concentrations. Our approach will enable the surveying of thallusin in culture and in nature and will thus contribute to the chemical monitoring of aquaculture.

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