Topics: The potential confounder sigma-algebra of X with respect to time tM, Average total effect, (V=v)-conditional total effect, V-conditional total-effect function, Average direct effect with respect to time tM, (V=v)-conditional direct effect with respect to time tM, V-conditional direct-effect function with respect to time tM, Average indirect effect with respect to time tM, (V=v)-conditional indirect effect with respect to time tM, V-conditional indirect-effect function with respect to time tM